碳氫真空清洗機的工作原理及設計特點

　　Working principle and design characteristics of hydrocarbon vacuum cleaning machine

　　碳氫真空清洗機組成：真空碳氫設備由清洗干燥機主體、超聲波系統(tǒng)、真空脫氣系統(tǒng)、循環(huán)過濾系統(tǒng)、機械臂系統(tǒng)，真空干燥系統(tǒng)、真空蒸餾回收系統(tǒng)、HC濃度監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)、自動滅火系統(tǒng)及電氣控制系統(tǒng)等。

　　Composition of Carbon Hydrogen Vacuum Cleaning Machine: The vacuum carbon hydrogen equipment consists of a cleaning and drying machine body, ultrasonic system, vacuum degassing system, circulating filtration system, mechanical arm system, vacuum drying system, vacuum distillation recovery system, HC concentration monitoring system, automatic fire extinguishing system, and electrical control system.

　　1．真空清洗工作原理：

　　1. Working principle of vacuum cleaning:

　　清洗劑中殘存的氣體較多，含氣量是水的8-10倍，超聲波振動子發(fā)出的高周波遇到氣體（殘存氧氣）就會衰減，影響了超聲波的精密清洗效果。超聲波空化效應也難以展開，因此需要真空脫氣。首先清洗籃進入清洗槽。這時氣缸驅動槽蓋自動關閉清洗槽，真空脫氣系統(tǒng)啟動，將槽內空氣抽盡，在真空狀態(tài)下可以將需要清洗的產(chǎn)品的狹小縫隙內氣體及含在清洗劑中的氣體抽出，超聲波啟動，搖擺裝置啟動，帶動洗籃轉動，使清洗劑可以充分進行清洗；到設定的時間后，真空釋放，缸蓋打開，清洗籃進入下一槽。

　　There are more residual gases in the cleaning agent, with a gas content 8-10 times that of water. The high-frequency waves emitted by the ultrasonic oscillator will attenuate when encountering gas (residual oxygen), which affects the precision cleaning effect of the ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic cavitation effect is also difficult to develop, so vacuum degassing is required. Firstly, the cleaning basket enters the cleaning tank. At this point, the cylinder drives the slot cover to automatically close the cleaning slot, and the vacuum degassing system is activated to exhaust the air inside the slot. Under vacuum, the gas in the narrow gaps of the products that need to be cleaned and the gas contained in the cleaning agent can be extracted. The ultrasonic wave is activated, the swinging device is activated, and the washing basket is driven to rotate, so that the cleaning agent can be thoroughly cleaned; After the set time, the vacuum is released, the cylinder head opens, and the cleaning basket enters the next slot.

　　2．真空蒸餾回收原理：

　　2. Principle of vacuum distillation recovery:

　　1)加熱：采用導熱油間接加熱方式。槽體下部外附一個加熱油包，外置一個導熱油加熱箱，加熱功率為12kW。首先由發(fā)熱管對導熱油進行加溫，再通過泵浦將加熱油輸送到加熱油包，經(jīng)過熱交換后再輸送回加熱箱加熱，如此循環(huán)。加熱油包有獨立的溫控系統(tǒng)，油溫R.T.～140℃可調。

　　1) Heating: Indirect heating method using thermal oil. There is a heating oil package attached to the lower part of the tank, and an external heat transfer oil heating box with a heating power of 12kW. Firstly, the heat transfer oil is heated by a heating tube, and then the heating oil is pumped to the heating oil package. After heat exchange, it is transported back to the heating box for heating, and so on. The heating oil package has an independent temperature control system, and the oil temperature can be adjusted from R.T. to 140 ℃.

　　2)需要回收的清洗劑（溶劑1）經(jīng)過泵抽入真空蒸餾回收槽，進入真空回收槽之前，首先進入一個熱交換筒，在此與蒸餾回收的HC蒸汽管進行熱交換。經(jīng)過抽真空后，清洗劑迅速沸騰并蒸發(fā)，產(chǎn)生HC蒸汽，然后可在冷凝區(qū)進行冷凝回收，回收的純凈清洗劑排入儲液槽，循環(huán)使用，具有自動補液循環(huán)和漂洗使用功能。

　　2) The cleaning agent (solvent 1) that needs to be recycled is pumped into the vacuum distillation recovery tank. Before entering the vacuum recovery tank, it first enters a heat exchange cylinder where it exchanges heat with the HC steam tube recovered by distillation. After vacuuming, the cleaning agent quickly boils and evaporates, producing HC vapor, which can then be condensed and recovered in the condensation zone. The recovered pure cleaning agent is discharged into the storage tank for recycling, with automatic replenishment circulation and rinsing functions.

　　3)強力真空減壓系統(tǒng)，配備真空減壓泵，真空顯示表。真空馬達為西門子，設有電磁閥。真空蒸餾回收能力為200L/H，常溫常壓下，碳化水素的沸點為172℃，減壓情況下，可以降低沸點，高溫碳化水素在減壓條件下迅速形成HC蒸汽，被真空泵一起抽出回收槽，在冷卻箱內再形成液體，經(jīng)過活性碳過濾，稱為再生液，可以循環(huán)使用。碳氫真空清洗干燥機經(jīng)過碳氫真空清洗機的清洗，完全可以達到精密工業(yè)部件的清洗要求。

　　3) Powerful vacuum pressure reducing system, equipped with vacuum pressure reducing pump and vacuum display gauge. The vacuum motor is Siemens and equipped with an electromagnetic valve. The vacuum distillation recovery capacity is 200L/H. At room temperature and pressure, the boiling point of carbonated water is 172 ℃. Under reduced pressure, the boiling point can be lowered. High temperature carbonated water quickly forms HC vapor under reduced pressure, which is pumped out of the recovery tank by a vacuum pump and forms a liquid in the cooling box. After being filtered by activated carbon, it is called regeneration liquid and can be recycled. The hydrocarbon vacuum cleaning and drying machine can fully meet the cleaning requirements of precision industrial components after being cleaned by the hydrocarbon vacuum cleaning machine.

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